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The Art of Planning in Chess (McDonald, 2006)

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Move By Move

Planning.jpg

The difference between a Grandmaster and an ordinary chess player isn’t just sheer brainpower. It’s the creative ability to develop a far-reaching plan. In this indispensable follow-up to his incredibly successful Chess: The Art of Logical Thinking, International Grandmaster Neil McDonald takes a penetrating look at more than 40 of the most outstanding games of the last 25 years, offering detailed, in-depth analysis of the strategic concepts behind each move. By showing how the players develop their plans many moves ahead, he gives the reader a unique opportunity to virtually get inside the Grandmasters’ heads as they play.

p.5 The most intelligent inspection of any number of fine paintings will not make the observer a painter... The intelligent perusal of fine games cannot fail to make the reader a better player and a better judge of the play of others. - Emanuel Lasker
 
p.6 Planning is about getting your pieces working together in a group, so that their overall strength is greater than the sum of the parts.
 
p.18 World Champion Emmanuel Lasker warned us at the end of the 19th century not to begin an attack until we have a tangible advantage. It is a question of how much energy is attacking how much resistance.
 
p.21 Let it be the first object of your attack to create strong points as near your opponent's camp as possible, and occupy them with pieces which have from there a large field of action - Emanuel Lasker.
 
p.25 A space advantage means more potential scope for the pieces, and therefore a more promising middlegame.
 
p.26 As a rule, a knight desires a stable post in the centre, as it is a short range piece
 
p.34 A quick word about pawn structure. The white pawns on d4 and d5 [see diagram below] are doubled and isolated - according to positional lore, they are therefore terribly weak. Not so: the pawn on d5 provides vital support for White's next move [25.Qe6] , and, as we have seen so far, has hindered the black knight [on f7, formerly on d8] by keeping it out of the c6 and e6 squares. It has also restrained the black pawn on c7, keeping it a backward pawn. The pawn on d4 also has an important role in stopping Black from playing Ne5, blocking the e-file... The pawns aren't weak, statically speaking, as they are difficult to attack and because White has the initiative. Dynamically speaking, they are strong as they dominate key centre squares.

GK24nf7.jpg
Grischuck-Kamsky, 2005, after 24...Nf7

p.46 A knowledge of combination is the foundation of positional play.
            Richard Reti
 
p.46 You will notice that in every game [presented in chapter 2], a tactical oversight of various degrees of seriousness allowed the victor to achieve his aim. Although this is primarily a book about strategy... watch out for tactics!
 
p.63 A plan needs to be continuously moderated or even changed completely according to circumstances. These days at least, you hardly ever see a game in which a player kept to the one and same plan throughout the middle-game. Even if the basic intention behind his schemes was the same... a multitude of frequently changing mini-plans was being employed.
 
p.77 Let's assume our opponent is sensible enough to develop his pieces to decent squares, fight for the centre with his pawns, and avoid doing anything reckless with his king. We will therefore need to soften him up gradually if we are going to get the win we deserve.
   This can best be done by targeting one or more weak points in his pawn structure. In what follows we shall look at various techniques for forcing and exploiting such weaknesses - or even persuading the opponent to create them for us!
 
p.86 Every position has to be evaluated according to its particular features.
 
p.88 Here we see the superiority of a bishop over a knight in an endgame where there are pawns that can be targeted on both sides of the board... whereas the black knight has been deprived of all its mobility by the need to defend b7.
 
p.155 An essential component of any plan is preventing the opponent from playing the moves he wants to play.
 
p.163 In general, pawns are strongest when they are adjacent to each other in the centre, as on e4 and f4. The question of whether to advance one of them to the 5th rank is always of the greatest importance.
 
p.176 This retreat reminds us that the value of a piece is to be judged by how well it contributes to the health of the whole army, not its own individual worth.
 
p.177 The queen and knight are well known to be a formidable attacking force, as their different powers increases the chance of finding a key to unlock a defense.
 
p.185 A so-called "hole" is a weak point of this kind. It is a square in a player's pawn structure that can no longer be protected by one of his pawns. If the hole is on a centre square or another point of strategic interest, it can make a fine outpost for an enemy knight.
 
p.189 As so often, we need to remind ourselves that it isn't the fortune of the individual piece that matters - it is how it functions with the other pieces. For this reason it is often completely meaningless to count the number of squares, in the centre or otherwise, that a piece controls or attacks.
 
p.229 It is incredible that the Hydra computer can crush Michael Adams 5 1/2 - 1/2 in a match [28 June, 2005], and yet not have any understanding.

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