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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agent_based_model
An agent-based model (ABM) is a computational model for simulating the
actions and interactions of autonomous individuals in a network, with a view to assessing their effects on the system as a
whole. It combines elements of game theory, complex systems, emergence, computational sociology, multi agent systems,
and evolutionary programming. Monte Carlo Methods are used to introduce randomness.
The models simulate the simultaneous operations of multiple agents, in an attempt
to re-create and predict the actions of complex phenomena. The process is one of emergence from the lower (micro) level of
systems to a higher (macro) level. The individual agents are presumed to be acting in what they perceive as their own interests,
such as reproduction, economic benefit, or social status, and their knowledge is limited.[1] ABM agents may experience "learning",
adaptation, and reproduction.[2]
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