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The Hobbit (Tolkien, 1937, 2012)

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Tolkien on organization

JLJ - There and back again. On one level a story of dragons and elves and dwarves and gold, but on another level we see intelligent creatures wrestling with problems of organizing and deciding how to "go on" when the present position is uncertain or unclear. What can we learn from Tolkien, on organizing? Time after time, Bilbo is rewarded for intuitive, possibly impulsive actions in unclear situations, by taking educated guesses on what to do next, then doing it.

 The dwarves never did figure out how to rid themselves of the dragon - but amazingly this problem was solved by someone else. Tolkien rewards those who in the dying words of Thorin possess 'Some courage and some wisdom, blended in measure' - those who take initiative - with either a lesson, if things turn out badly, or progress, when unexpected events turn out to be in one's favor.

The big losers turns out to be Thorin, and his nephews Fili and Kili, who were done away with possibly to avoid a happy ending. Thorin's lust for gold, a fatal weakness, does him in in the end - it propels the plot but cannot be rewarded in Tolkien's eyes. Amazing coordination of forces in the battle of five armies, with Ravens acting as text message deliverers, saves the day in the end.

p.6 [Bilbo to Gandalf] "Sorry! I don't want any adventures, thank you. Not today. Good morning!  But please come to tea - any time you like! Why not tomorrow? Come tomorrow! Goodbye!"

p.22 [Bilbo] "First I should like to know a little bit more about things... I should like it all plain and clear... Also I should like to know about risks, out-of-pocket expenses, time required and remuneration, and so forth"

p.22-23 "O very well," said Thorin. "Long ago in my grandfather Thror's time our family was driven out of the far North, and came back with all their wealth and their tools to this Mountain on the map... they found a good deal of gold and a great many jewels too. Anyway they grew immensely rich and famous... So my grandfather's halls became full of armour and jewels and carvings and cups... Undoubtedly that was what brought the dragon. Dragons steal gold and jewels, you know, from men and elves and dwarves, wherever they can find them; and they guard their plunder as long as they live..."

p.25 [Thorin] "...we have never forgotten our stolen treasure... we still mean to get it back, and to bring our curses home to Smaug - if we can..."

p.26 [Galdalf to Thorin] "The one thing your father wished was for his son to read the map and use the key. The dragon and the Mountain are more than big enough tasks for you!"

p.27

Far over the misty mountains cold
To dungeons deep and caverns old
We must away, ere break of day,
To find our long-forgotten gold.

p.28 "Don't be a fool, Bilbo Baggins!" he said to himself, "thinking of dragons and all that outlandish nonsense at your age!"

p.29

"But-," said Bilbo.
"No time for it," said the wizard.
"But-," said Bilbo again.
"No time for that either! Off you go!"

 p.30 "Don't be precise," said Dwalin, "and don't worry! You will have to manage without pocket-handkerchiefs, and a good many other things, before you get to the journey's end..."

p.34 "Now it is the burglar's turn," they said, meaning Bilbo. "You must go on and find out all about that light, and what it is for, and if all is perfectly safe and canny," said Thorin to the hobbit.

p.52 Their plans were improved with the best advice.

p.57-58 There is nothing like looking, if you want to find something (or so Thorin said to the young dwarves). You certainly usually find something, if you look, but it is not always quite the something you were after.

p.68 Very slowly he got up and groped about on all fours... He guessed as well as he could, and crawled along for a good way, til suddenly his hand met what felt like a tiny ring of cold metal lying on the floor of the tunnel... He put the ring in his pocket almost without thinking

p.72 "What iss he, my precious?" whispered Gollum... This is what he had come to find out, for he was not really very hungry at the moment, only curious; otherwise he would have grabbed first and whispered afterwards.

p.137 "Do we really have to go through?" groaned the hobbit.

"Yes, you do!" said the wizard, "if you want to get to the other side. You must go through or give up your quest..."

p.138 There are no safe paths in this part of the world.

p.144 "...Don't start grumbling against orders, or something bad will happen to you."

p.150 "In fact if you can't talk about something else, you had better be silent. We are quite annoyed enough with you as it is..."

p.176 He sat and thought and thought, until his head nearly burst, but no bright idea would come.

p.179 "We shall be bruised and battered to pieces, and drowned too, for certain!" they muttered. "We thought you had got some sensible notion, when you managed to get hold of the keys. This is a mad idea!"

p.217 It does not do to leave a live dragon out of your calculations, if you live near him.

p.220 They debated long on what was to be done, but they could think of no way of getting rid of Smaug - which had always been a weak point in their plans, as Bilbo felt inclined to point out.

p.221 Getting rid of dragons is not at all in my line, but I will do my best to think about it.

p.234 the dwarves sat in darkness... they could not sit there for ever.

  Thorin spoke: "Let us try the door!" he said... So several of the dwarves got up and groped back to where the door had been.

p.236-237 "Light!" he cried. "Can anybody make a light?" ...They saw the little dark shape of the hobbit start across the floor holding his tiny light aloft. Every now and again, while he was still near enough, they caught a glint and a tinkle as he stumbled on some golden thing... he wandered away in the vast hall... Bilbo was climbing the great mound of treasure... Then they saw him halt and stoop for a moment; but they did not know the reason.

  It was the Arkenstone, the Heart of the Mountain... Ever as he climbed, the same white gleam had shone before him and drawn his feet towards it... The great jewel shone before his feet of its own inner light

p.239 when the heart of a dwarf, even the most respectable, is weakened by gold and by jewels, he grows suddenly bold, and he may become fierce.

p.251 The dragon swooped once more lower than ever, and as he turned and dived down his belly glittered white with sparkling fires of gems in the moon - but not in one place. The great bow twanged. The black arrow sped straight from the string, straight for the hollow by the left breast where the foreleg was flung wide. In it smote and vanished, barb, shaft and feather, so fierce was its flight. With a shriek that deafened men, felled trees and split stone, Smaug shot spouting into the air, turned over and crashed down from on high in ruin.

p.253 Bard... even as he was speaking, the thought came into his heart of the fabled treasure of the Mountain lying without guard or owner

p.263

Under the Mountain dark and tall
The King has come unto his hall!
His foe is dead, the Worm of Dread,
And ever so his foes shall fall.

p.268 Thorin spoke of the Arkenstone of Thrain... "For the Arkenstone of my father," he said, "is worth more than a river of gold in itself, and to me it is beyond price. That stone of all the treasure I name unto myself, and I will be avenged on anyone who finds it and withholds it."

p.269 That night Bilbo made up his mind. The sky was black and moonless. As soon as it was full dark, he went to a corner of an inner chamber just within the gate and drew from his bundle a rope, and also the Arkenstone wrapped in a rag. Then he climbed to the top of the wall.

p.272-273 "This is the Arkenstone of Thrain," said Bilbo, "the Heart of the Mountain; and it is also the heart of Thorin. He values it above a river of gold. I give it to you. It will aid you in your bargaining." Then Bilbo, not without a shudder, not without a glance of longing, handed the marvellous stone to Bard... "But how is it yours to give?" he asked at last with an effort. "O well!" said the hobbit uncomfortably. "It isn't exactly..."

p.281 So began a battle that none had expected; and it was called the Battle of Five Armies, and it was very terrible. Upon one side were the Goblins and the Wild Wolves, and upon the other were Elves and Men and Dwarves.

p.290 [Thorin to Bilbo] "If more of us valued food and cheer and song above hoarded gold, it would be a merrier world. But sad or merry I must leave it now. farewell!"