p.4 Malingering has been defined in various manners. The
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of the American Psychiatric Association (DSM-IV-TR, 2000) defines malingering
as the intentional production of false or grossly exaggerated physical or psychological symptoms that are motivated
by external incentives such as avoiding work or military duty, obtaining drugs or financial compensation, or evading
criminal prosecution.
p.92 aggregating across multiple independent indicators can improve
diagnostic accuracy
p.93 These data show that aggregating across multiple indicators improves sensitivity of embedded indicators
without appreciably altering specificity and supports the practice of relying on multiple indicators of malingering to improve
diagnostic accuracy.
